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It began in 1517 when Martin Luther challenged the sale of indulgences. Printing spread his arguments, and longer-running discontent turned a local debate into a movement.
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Almost all scholars of the New Testament accept that Jesus lived. The case rests on Christian writings and a few non-Christian sources, not on archaeology.
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The earliest firm evidence for December 25 is a Roman calendar of 354. Scholars disagree on whether the date came from pagan festivals or from Christian calculation.
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Infancy gospels are noncanonical early Christian texts, from the 2nd century on, that fill gaps in Jesus's early life. The best known are the Protevangelium of James and the Infancy Gospel of Thomas.
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